-determine how much water is in Jupiter’s atmosphere

-look deep into Jupiter’s atmosphere to measure composition, temperature, cloud motions and other properties

-map Jupiter’s magnetic and gravity fields

-explore and study Jupiter’s magnetosphere near the planet’s poles, especially the auroras

Yes

Cassini

Success

-Titan radar mapper (RADAR)

-imaging science subsystem (ISS)

-radio science subsystem (RSS)

-visible and IR mapping spectrometer (VIMS)

-composite IR spectrometer (CIRS)

-cosmic dust analyser (CDA)

-radio and plasma wave science (RPWS)

-UV imaging spectrograph (UVIS)

-magnetospheric imaging instrument (MIMI)

-dual technique magnetometer (MAG)

-ion and neutral mass spectrometer (INMS)

-rings and dust (IDS)

-satellites and asteroids (IDS)

-plasma circulation and magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling (IDS)

-plasma environment in Saturn's magnetosphere (IDS)

-origin and evolution of the Saturn system (IDS)

-aeronomy of Titan and Saturn (IDS)

-atmospheres of Titan and Saturn (IDS)

-plasma spectrometer (CAPS)

-mission to Saturn

-Cassini captured incredible images of the gas giant, Jupiter and its larger moons on its way to Saturn

 

Yes

-solar X-rays and cosmic gamma-ray bursts (HUS/GRB)

-cosmic ray and solar particles (SIM/COSPIN)

-low-energy ions and electrons (LAN/HI-SCALE)

-solar wind ion composition spectrometer (GLG/SWICS)

-solar wind plasma (BAM/SWOOPS)

-unified radio and plasma waves (STO/URAP)

-cosmic dust (GRU/DUST)

-magnetic field (HED/VHM/FGM)

-gravitational waves (radio science) (GWE)

-Ulysses energetic particle composition (EPAC) experiment

-Ulysses interstellar neutral gas (GAS) experiment

-coronal sounding (radio science) (SCE)

-mission to the Sun (to study the north and south poles)

-spacecraft first went to Jupiter, where the strong Jovian gravity helped redirect the spacecraft, placing it on its proper course

-as Ulysses flew by Jupiter, instruments onboard the spacecraft studied Jupiter's strong magnetic field and radiation levels

Yes

Success

Orbiter & Probe

Orbiter:

-UV spectrometer and extreme UV spectrometer (UVS/EUVS)
-magnetometer (MAG)

-plasma detector (PLS)

-plasma wave spectrometer (PWS)

-photopolarimeter-radiometer (PPR)

-dust detection system (DDS)

-solid-state imaging (SSI)

-radio science: celestial mechanics (RS)

-Jovian atmospheric dynamics (IDS)

-structure and aeronomy of the atmosphere of Jupiter and its satellites (IDS)

-investigation of the Jovian upper atmosphere and satellite atmospheres (IDS)

-ground-truth analysis of radiative transfer in the Jovian atmosphere (IDS)

-composition of the Jovian atmosphere (IDS)

-thermal and dynamical properties of the Jovian atmosphere (IDS)

-Jupiter magnetosphere and satellite-magnetosphere interactions(IDS)

-organic chemistry of the Jovian atmosphere (IDS)

-physical processes: Jovian atmosphere and Galilean satellite surfaces (IDS)

-physical properties of the Galilean satellites (IDS)

-magnetospheric dynamics (IDS)

-radio science: propagation (RS)

-Jovian atmospheric dynamics (IDS)

-heavy ion counter (HIC)

-near IR mapping spectrometer (NIMS)

-energetic particles detector (EPD)

-formation and evolution of the Galilean satellites (IDS)

Probe:

-helium abundance detector (HAD)

-atmospheric structure Instrument (ASI)

-neutral mass spectrometer (NMS)

-net-flux radiometer (NFR)

-nephelometer (NEP)

-lightning and radio emission detector (LRD)

-energetic particle investigation (EPI)

-to investigate the circulation and dynamics of the Jovian atmosphere

-to investigate the upper Jovian atmosphere and ionosphere

-to characterize the morphology, geology, and physical state of the Galilean satellites

-to investigate the composition and distribution of surface minerals on the Galilean satellites

-to determine the gravitational and magnetic fields and dynamic properties of the Galilean satellites

-to study the atmospheres, ionospheres, and extended gas clouds of the Galilean satellites

-to study the interaction of the Jovian magnetosphere with the Galilean satellites

-to characterize the vector magnetic field and the energy spectra, composition, and angular distribution of energetic particles and plasma to a distance of 150 Rj

-probe sent back information about the temperature, wind speeds and pressure as it descended through the clouds

-Galileo's original mission lasted for two and a half years; the spacecraft took incredible images of Jupiter and the larger moons during that time; the mission was then extended for another two and a half years; Galileo survived over twice as long as originally planned, as well as three times the radiation levels

Yes

Success

-imaging science (ISS)

-radio science (RSS)

-UV spectrometer (UVS)

-triaxial fluxgate

-magnetometer (MAG)

-low-energy charged particles (LECP)

-cosmic ray system (CRS)

-planetary radio astronomy (PRA)

-photopolarimeter system (PPS)

-plasma wave system (PWS)

-IR interferometer spectrometer (IRIS)

-plasma spectrometer (PLS)

-to make studies of Jupiter and Saturn, their satellites, and their magnetospheres as well as studies of the interplanetary medium

-an option designed into the Voyager 2 trajectory, and ultimately exercised, would direct it toward Uranus and Neptune to perform similar studies

-discovered 3 new Jovian satellites; Io was found to have active volcanism, the only solar system body other than the Earth to be so confirmed; Triton was found to have active geyser-like structures and an atmosphere; auroral zones were discovered at Jupiter; Jupiter was found to have rings

Yes

Success

-imaging science (ISS)

-radio science (RSS)

-UV spectrometer (UVS)

-triaxial fluxgate

-magnetometer (MAG)

-low-energy charged particles (LECP)

-cosmic ray system (CRS)

-planetary radio astronomy (PRA)

-photopolarimeter system (PPS)

-plasma wave system (PWS)

-IR interferometer spectrometer (IRIS)

-plasma spectrometer (PLS)

-to make studies of Jupiter and Saturn, their satellites, and their magnetospheres as well as studies of the interplanetary medium

-an option designed into the Voyager 2 trajectory, and ultimately exercised, would direct it toward Uranus and Neptune to perform similar studies

-discovered 3 new Jovian satellites; Io was found to have active volcanism, the only solar system body other than the Earth to be so confirmed; Triton was found to have active geyser-like structures and an atmosphere; auroral zones were discovered at Jupiter; Jupiter was found to have rings

-Voyager2 is about to leave our solar system and is still returning data

Yes

Success

-magnetic fields

-charged particle composition

-asteroid/meteoroid astronomy

-Jovian trapped radiation

-UV photometry

-imaging photopolarimeter (IPP)

-IR radiometers

-S-band occultation

-Jovian charged particles

-quadrispherical plasma analyzer

-meteoroid detectors

-celestial mechanics

-cosmic-ray spectra

-zodiacal light two-color photopolarimetry

-Jovian magnetic field

-to investigate Jupiter and the outer solar system

-to study interplanetary and planetary magnetic fields, solar wind properties, cosmic rays, transition region of the heliosphere, neutral hydrogen abundance, the distribution, size, mass, flux, and velocity of dust particles, Jovian aurorae, Jovian radio waves

-to study the atmospheres of planets and satellites and the surfaces of Jupiter, Saturn, and some of their satellites

-flew within 34,000 kilometers (21,100 miles) of the Jovian cloud tops

-the spacecraft studied the planet's magnetic field and atmosphere and took pictures of the planet and some of its moons

Yes

Success

-magnetic fields

-charged particle composition

-asteroid/meteoroid astronomy

-Jovian trapped radiation

-UV photometry imaging photopolarimeter (IPP)

-IR radiometers

-S-band occultation

-Jovian charged particles

-quadrispherical plasma analyzer

-meteoroid detectors

-celestial mechanics

-cosmic-ray spectra

-zodiacal light two-color photopolarimetry

-to study Jupiter's magnetic field and atmosphere while taking the first close-up pictures of the planet

-to study the interplanetary and planetary magnetic fields, solar wind parameters, cosmic rays, transition region of the heliosphere, neutral hydrogen abundance, distribution, size, mass, flux, and velocity of dust particles, Jovian aurorae

-Jovian radio waves, atmosphere of Jupiter and some of its satellites, particularly Io and to photograph Jupiter and its satellites

-the first spacecraft to pass through the Asteroid Belt and explore the outer solar system; scientists were surprised at the tremendous radiation levels; took the first close-up pictures of the planet; once past Jupiter, the spacecraft headed out of the solar system; the spacecraft continued to function and head in the general direction of Aldebaran, the red giant star in the constellation of Taurus; it would take about 2 million years to get to Aldebaran; last contact with the spacecraft was on Jan. 23, 2003

Yes