Tswaing (formerly Pretoria Saltpan)
| Crater Name | Location | Latitude | Longitude | Diameter (km) | Age (Ma) | Exposed | Drilled | Target Rock** | Bolide Type*** |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tswaing | South Africa | S 25° 24' | E 28° 5' | 1.13 | 0.220 ± 0.052 | Y | Y | C | Chondrite |
1. View from the rim - Photo submitted by Greg Boyce
2. View from crater bottom - Photo submitted by Greg Boyce
3. Topographic map, 20 m contour interval
4. Landsat image. Crater near top left (Pretoria at bottom). Photo submitted by Greg Boyce
5, 6 & 7. Photograph
8. DEM image Provided by Dr. Carlos Roberto de Souza Filho
9 & 10. Image Provided by Dr. Carlos Roberto de Souza Filho
References |
Brandt, D., Durrheim, R.J. and Reimold,W.U., Geophysical signature of the Pretoria Saltpan impact structure and a possible satellite crater (abstract). Lunar and Planetary Science XXIV, pp. 181-182. 1993. |
Brandt, D., Reimold, W. U., A structural and petrographic investigation of the Pretoria Saltpan impact structure (abstract). Lunar and Planetary Science XXIV, pp. 179-180. 1993. |
Brandt, D., Reimold, W. U., The geology of the Pretoria Saltpan impact structure and the surrounding area. S. Afr. J. Geol., v. 98, pp. 287-303. 1995. |
Brandt, D., Reimold, W. U., The petrology of the igneous rocks occurring in the Pretoria Saltpan impact crater and surrounding area. S. Afr. J. Geol., v. 98, pp. 304-318. 1995. |
Brandt, D., Reimold, W.U. and Durrheim,R.J., Geophysical signature of the Pretoria Saltpan impact structure and a possible satellite crater. Meteoritics, v. 29, pp. 379-384. 1994. |
Brandt, D., Reimold, W.U. and Smith,C.B., New Rb-Sr ages for igneous rocks from the area of the Pretoria Saltpan impact crater. S. Afr. J. Geol., v. 99, pp. 293-297. 1996. |
Brandt, D., Reimold, W.U. and Smith,C.B., New Rb-Sr ages for igneous rocks from the area of the Pretoria Saltpan impact crater. S. Afr. J. Geol., v. 99, pp. 293-297. 1996. |
Brandt, D., Reimold, W.U. and Smith,C.B., Rb-Sr dating of alkaline and mafic intrusives from the Pretoria Saltpan impact crater and environs (abstract). Lunar and Planetary Science XXV, pp. 161-162. 1994. |
Brandt, D., The Tswaing Crater: One of the World's Best Preserved and Museums Plans for the Site, Meteoritics; vol. 34, No. 4, Supp. p. A17. 1999. |
Cockell, C. S., Lee, P., The Biology of Impact Craters - a review. Biol. Rev., 77, P. 279 - 310. 2002. |
de Jong R.C., Reimold, W. U., The Tswaing crater museum: Developing the Pretoria Saltpan impact crater into an enviromuseum (abstract). Meteoritics & Planetary Science, v. 31, pp. A35-A36. 1996. |
de Jong, R. C., Developing the Pretoria Saltpan Impact Crater into the Tswaing Crater Museum, Meteoritics; vol. 34, No. 4, Supp. p. A32. 1999. |
Fudali, R. F., Gold, D.P. and Gurney,J.J., The Pretoria Salt Pan: Astrobleme or cryptovolcano? Journal of Geology, v. 81, pp. 495-507. 1973. |
Grieve, R. A. F., Pretoria Saltpan: From volcanic to impact in 200,000 years. Meteoritics, From the Editors, v. 29, pp. 297-298. 1994. |
Jourdan, F., Renne, P.R. and Reimold, W.U., Considerations in dating impact craters using the 40Ar/39Ar method: The problem of inherited 40Ar, Goldschmidt Conference Abstracts 2007., pp. A452, 2007. |
Jourdan, F., Renne, P.R. and Reimold, W.U., The problem of inherited 40Ar in dating impact glass by the 40Ar/39Ar method: Evidence from the Tswaing impact crater (South Africa), Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 71, pp. 1214-1231. 2007. |
Koeberl, C., African meteorite impact craters: Characteristics and geological importance. Journal of African Sciences, v. 18, pp. 263-295. 1994. |
Koeberl, C., An Impact Crater for the People: The Tswaing (Saltpan) Crater, South Africa, Meteoritics; vol. 34, p. 827-8. 1999. |
Koeberl, C., Milkereit, B., Continental Drilling and the Study of Impact Craters and Processes - an ICDP Perspective, In: Continental Scientific Drilling (eds. Harms, U., Koeberl, C., and Zoback, M.D.), Springer, Heidelberg, p. 95-161. 2007. |
Koeberl, C., Reimold, W.U. and Shirley,S.B., Saltpan impact crater, South Africa: Geochemistry of target rocks, breccias, and impact glasses, and osmium isotope systematics. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 58, pp. 2893-2910. 1994. |
Koeberl, C., Storzer, D. and Rieimold,W.U., The age of the Saltpan impact crater, South Africa. Meteoritics, v. 29, pp. 374-379. 1994. |
Levin, G., Our Feature: The Pretoria Saltpan - The Historical Aspects. Geobulletin, v. 34, pp. 13-16. 1991. |
McCaffery L.P., Harris, C., Hydrological impact of the Pretoria Saltpan crater, South Africa. Journal of African Earth Sciences, v. 23, pp. 205-212. 1996. |
Milton, D. J., Naeser, C. W., Evidence for an impact origin of the Pretoria Salt Pan, South Africa. Nature Physical Science, v. 229, pp. 211-212. 1971. |
Partridge, T. C., Reimold, W.U., Kerr, S.J. and Stanistreet,I.G., Our Feature: The Pretoria Saltpan - the Scientific Aspects. Geobulletin, v. 34, pp. 16-22. 1991. |
Partridge, T., Reimold, W.U. and Walraven,F., The Pretoria Zoutpan crater: First results from the 1988 drilling project (abstract). Meteoritics, v. 25, p. 396. 1990. |
Reimold, W. U., Impact cratering - a review, with special reference to the economic importance of impacat structures and the southern African impact crater record. Earth, Moon and Planets, v. 70, pp. 21-45. 1995. |
Reimold, W. U., Koeberl, C., Kerr, S.J. and Partridge,T.C., The Pretoria Saltpan - The first firm evidence for an origin by impact (abstract). Lunar and Planetary Science XXII, pp. 1117-1118. 1991. |
Reimold, W. U., Koeberl, C., Partridge, T.C. and Kerr,S.J., Pretoria Saltpan crater: Impact origin confirmed. Geology, v. 20, pp. 1079-1082. 1992. |
Reimold, W. U., Koeberl, C., Pretoria Saltpan impact crater: Impact glasses and sulphide spherules (abstract). Lunar and Planetary Science XXIII, pp. 1139-1140. 1992. |
Storzer, D., Koeberl, C. and Reimold,W.U., The age of the Pretoria Saltpan impact crater, South Africa (abstract). Lunar and Planetary Science XXIV, pp. 1365-1366. 1993. |
| * pre-1977 K-Ar, Ar-Ar and Rb-Sr ages recalculated using the decay constants of Steiger and Jager (1977) Ages in millions of years (Ma) before present. ** Abbreviations: C - Crystalline Target; C-Ms - Metasedimentary Target; M - Mixed Target (i.e.sedimentary strata overlying crystalline basement); S - sedimentary target (i.e. no crystalline rocks affected by the impact event). From Osinski. G. R., Spray J. G., and Grieve R. A. F. 2007. Impact melting in sedimentary target rocks: A synthesis. In The Sedimentary Record of Meteorite Impacts, Geological Society of America Special Paper. Editors: Evans K. Horton W., King D., Morrow J., and Warme J. Geological Society of America: Boulder, in press. ***From Koeberl,C. Identification of meteoritic components in impactites. 1998, Koeberl, C. The Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry of Impacts. 2007 and PASSC Files. (IAB, IIIAB, IIIB, IIID - Iron Meteorite) |